Sourdough hydration chart: 60% to 85%, what each feels like

Hydration is the water as a percentage of the flour, counting the flour and water inside the starter. With 500 g of flour and 100 g of starter, 70% needs 335 g of water and 75% needs 363 g. Start at 70% if you are new: easy to handle, with an open crumb.
Flour
g
With 100 g of starter (100% hydration), counted in.
60%
280 g water (1 ¼ cups)
Stiff and easy to shape — a tight crumb, good for sandwich loaves and bagels.
65%
308 g water (1 ⅓ cups + 1 tbsp)
Soft but not sticky — the easiest place to start.
70%
335 g water (1 ½ cups)
A little sticky; a more open crumb. Most beginner loaves live here.
75%
363 g water (1 ½ cups + 2 tbsp)
Sticky: wet hands and a bench scraper help. A lighter, more open crumb.
80%
390 g water (1 ⅔ cups)
Very slack — it needs strength from folds and a confident shape.
85%
418 g water (1 ¾ cups + 1 tbsp)
Batter-like at first; for bakers who have the feel of wet dough.
Open the sourdough hydration calculator

Step by step

1

Pick a hydration

65–70% for a first loaf; higher for a more open crumb once shaping feels easy.
2

Count the starter

A 100% starter is half flour, half water — include both, or your dough will be wetter than you think.
3

Hold some water back

Flours drink differently. Add the last tenth of the water only if the dough feels stiff.
4

Adjust for the flour

Whole wheat and fresh-milled flour drink more water; all-purpose less than bread flour.

Why

More water makes a looser dough, a more open crumb and a crisper crust — but it is harder to shape and needs more strength from folds. Less water is easier to handle and gives a tighter, softer crumb.

Questions

What hydration is best for beginners?

65–70%. It is forgiving to shape and still bakes an open loaf.

Does salt count?

No — hydration is water and flour only. Salt is usually 2% of the flour.

Why is my 75% dough so sticky?

Weaker flour, not enough folds, or a warm kitchen. Use wet hands, add a set of folds, or drop to 70%.

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