Stretch and fold sourdough: how, when and how many

With a wet hand, lift one side of the dough, stretch it up and fold it over the rest; turn the bowl and repeat four times. Do 4 sets, 30 minutes apart, in the first part of bulk — then let it rise undisturbed. At 75°F (24°C) with 20% starter, bulk takes about 4–7½ hours in all.
Dough temperature
°F
Starter
% of flour

4–7½ hours, to a 30–50% rise

Open the bulk fermentation calculator

Step by step

1

Wet your hand

A wet hand does not stick. Leave the dough in its bowl or tub.
2

Lift, stretch, fold

Grab the far side, lift it until it resists, and fold it over to the near side.
3

Turn and repeat

Turn the bowl a quarter and do it again — four folds make one set.
4

Rest between sets

Cover it and wait 30 minutes. After 4 sets, leave it alone for the rest of bulk.
5

Feel the change

The first set is slack and sticky; by the last the dough holds its shape and feels smooth and airy.

Why

Each set stretches and lines up the gluten, making the dough strong enough to hold its gas — the same result as kneading, with far less work, while the starter does its rising.

Questions

How many sets of stretch and folds?

4 is a good default. A wetter dough may want one or two more; a stiff one fewer.

Can I skip them?

You can, but the loaf will spread more. Even two sets make a clear difference.

Coil folds or stretch and folds?

Both work. A coil fold lifts the dough from the middle and lets it fold under itself — gentler for very wet dough.

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